Book Review: Postmodern Imperialism
. Eric Walberg. Clarity Press, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A., 2011.The many stages of imperialism are often brought into debate about whether the current U.S. foreign policy, or any U.S. foreign policy, is an imperial project. Eric Walberg’s clear and concise presentation of the “great games” centered on the ancient Silk Road from China through to Eastern Europe presents a definition of imperialism that spans all of humanities’ empires. The “Foundations … of imperial hegemony are financial and military-political, to ensure control of world labor power and raw materials.” This reflects my own interpretation of empire as being founded on the gathering in of wealth and power to the heartland from the hinterland, from a cultural geography perspective. Walberg uses the terms heartland and rimland, the same idea, focusing intentions on the heart of Eurasia and the surrounding countries’ resources, wealth, and manpower.
One of Walberg’s underlying and recurring themes is financial—the power of money and the control of money in the establishment of empire. This precludes any arguments about the necessity of an empire having a land base, or naval control, or air superiority, the actual sequence of empires from antiquity through to today’s troubled world. Walberg goes even further than most in his definitions of empire, rightly so, as he examines the ‘banksters’ (my usage, a term that should fit within the normal lexicon of financial arguments today)—the “international banking elite” who are “acting independently of governments” in order to coordinate “the financial elites of various empires through their central bankers.”
His argument is well supported as he takes the reader through the “Great Games” of the Middle East and the rise and fall of financial power in relation to the rise and fall of empires trying to gain hegemony over the resources of the Middle East and South Asia.
The military becomes the physical manner in which the financial structures try to control the various regions of interest, and once again after the dust and gore of war has settled out, the banksters win—as the real victors are those who “benefited financially and economically, and the international bankers, who held the massive war debts of victors and defeated alike, and had not intention of forgiving them.
Normal Curve Emperical Rule - News
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is sticking to its 10-mile rule for now, saying the Japanese evacuation order does not set a new safety precedent for US nuclear evacuation zones. "That was based on a worst-case scenario, and there was a lack of
Faith is also immune and separate from tests of empirical proof. Not to be overlooked, the contemporary Republican Party is home to the Religious Right. Consequently, the primacy of “faith” as the decision rule in political decision-making is both a
The second queen, “the partition of Palestine [the creation of Israel] proved to be a geostrategic coup for the US in its geopolitical divide and rule strategy for the Middle East,” not without its later blowback consequences as described later in the
“If the Republican Party were a normal party,” Brooks argued “it would…seize the opportunity to put a long-term limit on the growth of government. It would seize the opportunity to put the country on a sound fiscal footing.
It says a lot about American politics and culture that such a passionate minority believes that it can defy not just American political tradition but also the normal terms of trade that define human association. Everyone expects there to be a
STATS – Normal Distributions
In the normal equation is called the normal random variable . The normal equation is the probability density function for the normal distribution.
The Normal CurveThe graph of the normal distribution depends on two factors –the mean and the standard deviation. The mean of the distribution determines the location of the center of the graph,and the standard deviation determines the height and width of the graph. When the standard deviation is large,the curve is short and wide;when the standard deviation is small,the curve is tall and narrow. All normal distributions look like a symmetric,bell-shaped curve,as shown below.
The curve on the left is shorter and wider than the curve on the right,because the curve on the left has a bigger standard deviation.
Probability and the Normal CurveThe normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution. This has several implications for probability.
The total area under the normal curve is equal to 1. The probability that a normal random variable XAdditionally,every normal curve (regardless of its mean or standard deviation) conforms to the following “rule”.
About 68% of the area under the curve falls within 1 standard deviation of the mean. About 95% of the area under the curve falls within 2 standard deviations of the mean. About 99.7% of the area under the curve falls within 3 standard deviations of the mean.Collectively,these points are known as the empirical rule or the 68-95-99.7 rule . Clearly,given a normal distribution,most outcomes will be within 3 standard deviations of the mean.
To find the probability associated with a normal random variable,use a graphing calculator,an online normal distribution calculator,or a normal distribution table. In the examples below,we illustrate the use of Stat Trek’s Normal Distribution Calculator ,a free tool available on this site. In the next lesson,we demonstrate the use of normal distribution tables.
Normal Distribution CalculatorThe normal calculator solves common statistical problems,based on the normal distribution. The calculator computes cumulative probabilities,based on three simple inputs. Simple instructions guide you to an accurate solution,quickly and easily. If anything is unclear,frequently-asked questions and sample problems provide straightforward explanations. The calculator is free. It can be found under the Stat Tables tab,which appears in the header of every Stat Trek web page.
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68-95-99.7 Rule
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